I enjoy playing without the HUD but the one thing I struggle with in the simulator is sensing the gradient. It would be great to have a tiny indicator in the corner of the screen with an up or down arrow and the gradient percentage (and nothing else). Is this possible?
Not in the standard game. Perhaps there's a mod out there somewhere, I don't know, but I'm afraid you can't have only the gradient. It is visible in the 'Normal' HUD or the 'Minimal' HUD but it comes with lots of other information. Alternatively, you could try pausing the game every so often to get an approximation of gradient changes in the next few kilometres, but it may not always be reliable...
since there are so many cabs that have different windows, seating positions, etc., I find it hard to judge gradients just by looking, so I actually love that the HUD shows me this, and I can adjust my throttle and braking accordingly