So I don't know if this is a bug or an actual event that is supposed to occur, but after applying brakes, and then releasing, the throttle, from "off", won't respond until I go up one notch and then back to off and apply again. Is this an actual thing? Or is it just a glitchy bug?
I believe working as intended. You can also press Q (sifa), which allows you to apply power again without first having to go back and forth.
Also make sure you're pulling the throttle all the way back to OFF - from memory Min Power still shows up as 0 on the HUD so can confuse you if you're not paying attention
Not sure if it's the same on german trains but on belgian ones there's a thing called "control switch" which checks if the brake pressure is at 5 bar on the last coach/loco, as it takes some time to equalize you can't use the throttle instantly but have to wait 1-3 seconds before throttling is enabled