Do you mean the seams in the nose? Those are doors to give access to a coupler in case the loco need towed from the front as far as I know.
Do you mean the air intake? It is like sports cars, the faster you drive, the more air flows in, cooling the systems.
ICE 1 & 2 have the air intake only on the left side and the ICE 3 is a totally different concept, it don't have the regular power cars at the ends. The design goal of the ICE 3 (Class 403) was to create a higher-powered, lighter train than its predecessors. This was achieved by distributing its 16 traction motors underneath the whole train.
That would make sense, because I thought that these trains have got damaged, when they've got repaired
Unfortunately, I do not know what exactly the air intake is for but it was always part of the ICE 1 & 2 design. Except for the very first ICE, the ICExperimental or ICE/V. This 1985 prototype did not have the air intake. It was retired and replaced by the ICE S in 1998.